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Glow-in-the-dark sharks

The biggest luminescent vertebrate found near NZ.

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What’s cooler than a shark? A glowing shark!

Kiwi and Belgian researchers studying sharks off the coast of New Zealand (Aotearoa) have documented three deepwater sharks that are luminous.

The three species, the kitefin shark (Dalatias lichaI), the lucifer shark (Etmopterus lucifer) and the southern lantern shark (Etmopterus granulosus)all had similar photophores – a type of organ that appears as luminous spots. Each photophore contains a single photocyte – a light-producing cell – embedded in a cup-shaped groove with a lens (similar to that protecting the human eye) on top.

The sharks live in the ‘twilight zone’ of the ocean, which is between 200-1000 metres deep.

The trio have glowing underbellies, which the scientists suggest may be so they can camouflage against the bright surface of the ocean from fish inhabiting deeper water, as they write in their paper, published in Frontiers in Marine Science.  

The kitefin represents the largest known luminescent vertebrate found to date.

htps://cosmosmagazine.com/natureh/marine-life/glow-in-the-dark-sharks/

 

 

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FFS, imagine going fishing and hooking this fucker by mistake, it would scare the shite out of me!!  :eek:

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Goblin shark: The nightmarish fish that launches its jaws at its prey

The stuff of nightmares… an aquatic ninja with a pair of extendable jaws and nail-like teeth which sneaks up on its prey by sensing their electrical fields. Lucky you’re not a fish.

Forget the great white shark from Jaws or the megalodon from The Meg: there’s a new superstar shark in town, and it’ll give you more nightmares than both of them combined. Meet the goblin shark.

Why is it called a goblin shark?

 

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Sarcastic fringehead: The fish that fights with a kiss

No, not something you call your mate when they've been scathing about your outfit, but a big-mouthed, purple-tongued, lip-wrestling, territorial fish.

It has an awesome name, with an attitude to match. The sarcastic fringehead is a big-mouthed, bolshy blenny that lives in the temperate coastal waters of California and Mexico’s Baja California.

These strange fish hang out in their ocean floor dens, which can be burrows, empty shells or even discarded plastic bottles. Males reverse in, bottom first, then defend their territories from other sarcastic fringeheads by dropping caustic one-liners. Only joking! Riled individuals actually face-off by slamming their huge, open mouths together.

Laterally-splayed jawbones and sail-like cheek membranes reveal a purple tongue, a double row of teeth, and a fluorescent yellow mouth rim. They look part fish, part Demogorgon from Stranger Things

It’s basically a ‘who’s got the biggest mouth’ competition, where the victor bags the best den and a chance to mate. After the female lays thousands of eggs in the prized location and the male has fertilised them, he then defends his offspring with yet more oral aggro.

The name ‘fringehead’ refers to the floppy fronds of tissue that fall over the fish’s eyes, while the term ‘sarcastic’ is thought either to describe the animal’s sardonic closed-mouth expression, or to derive from the Greek word sarkázein, which means ‘to tear flesh’. Either way, the only thing that’s cutting about this fish is its set of teeth.

https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/sarcastic-fringehead/

 

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Mystery of Arctic krill solved

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Most animals use the guiding light of the Sun to sync up their body clocks – but what about animals who live at the extremes of the Earth, like the polar winter where the Sun never rises about the horizon?

Marine scientists have now figured out how Arctic krill set their daily rhythms. The team measured the light intensity during the Arctic winter on the Svalbard archipelago, and found the midday light was only twice as bright as the midnight light – and yet krill still exhibited a strong biological rhythm, coming to the surface to feed at night and sinking back deep to avoid predators in the day.

Back in the lab, the researchers discovered that krill are much more sensitive to light at night, allowing them to pick up tiny visual cues.

“We found that the light environment during the high Arctic polar night has a complex timing of ‘light’ and ‘dark’ due to light coming from the Sun below the horizon, the Moon, and the aurora borealis,” says lead researcher Jonathan Cohen from the University of Delaware, US.

“While this light is dim and unlike the typical photoperiod at lower latitudes, we show that it is sufficient to set a biological clock in krill, showing this animal has one of the more sensitive biological rhythms studied to date.”

https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/astronomy/you-may-have-missed-pulsating-white-dwarf/

 

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Fish ‘whoops and growls’ recorded on restored reef

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Scientists who "eavesdropped" on a restored coral reef in Indonesia say their recordings of fish "whooping, croaking and growling" are the reef coming back to life.

Over a decade, the reef has been re-seeded with new corals.

The researchers used underwater microphones to record at the site.

The sounds, some of which have never been recorded before, provide an audible measure of the health of the reef, researchers say.

 

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