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James Webb Space Telescope


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56 minutes ago, nudge said:

xD

In all seriousness, I do use binoculars for stargazing, and it's even more eye opening, but I always feel a bit uneasy if I do that somewhere where there are other houses/apartments around xD

xD

I said to the wife a while back I was going to get a pair of binoculars to star gaze and she did her nut and said NO!! neighbors around here would think you are a perv or a peeping tom and call the police, that idea went on the back burner. O.o

Spying Peeping Tom GIF by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment

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@Tommy @Devil wait til summer comes. Clearer skies and much more sight of stars and planets and constellations.

You've probably heard of things like Ursa Minor/Ursa Major/Cassiopeia etc etc.

Like you guys, my neighbours probably thought 'why's he taking pictures of the sky in pitch black with a shitty smartphone' xD. Little did they know what delights I was just observing!

It's such a simple thing to do and enjoy with such little effort. The app is superb. 

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Webb Unveils Dark Side

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An international team of astronomers using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has obtained an in-depth inventory of the deepest, coldest ices measured to date in a molecular cloud. In addition to simple ices like water, the team was able to identify frozen forms of a wide range of molecules, from carbonyl sulfide, ammonia, and methane, to the simplest complex organic molecule, methanol. This is the most comprehensive census to date of the icy ingredients available to make future generations of stars and planets, before they are heated during the formation of young stars.

This image from the telescope’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) features the central region of the Chamaeleon I dark molecular cloud, which resides 630 light-years away. The cold, wispy cloud material (blue, center) is illuminated in the infrared by the glow of the young, outflowing protostar Ced 110 IRS 4 (orange, upper left). The light from numerous background stars, seen as orange dots behind the cloud, can be used to detect ices in the cloud, which absorb the starlight passing through them.

This research forms part of the Ice Age project, one of Webb's 13 Early Release Science programs. These observations are designed to showcase Webb’s observing capabilities and to allow the astronomical community to learn how to get the best from its instruments. The Ice Age team has already planned further observations, and hopes to trace out the journey of ices from their formation through to the assemblage of icy comets.

Image credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and M. Zamani (ESA)

https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/webb-unveils-dark-side

 

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James Webb Space Telescope snaps first ever images of star-forming clusters inside distant galaxies

Studying ancient stellar clumps gives us new insights into galaxy formation.

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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has provided the first glimpse of very compact structures of star clusters in distant galaxies. The so-called clumps were studied in JWST’s first images of galaxy clusters.

These images have allowed researchers to study the first phase of star formation in the galaxies.

They were aided in their analysis by gravitational lensing – an effect whereby massive objects like galaxies, bend light coming from behind them, causing a zoom-in effect which helps astronomers see distant objects more clearly.

“The galaxy clusters we examined are so massive that they bend light rays passing through their centre, as predicted by Einstein in 1915. And this in turn produces a kind of magnifying glass effect: the images of background galaxies are magnified,” explains Adélaïde Claeyssens, a postdoc at Stockholm University.

Add to the gravitational lensing JWST’s superior resolution and the astronomers were able to detect very compact galaxy structures. The team was able to glean new insights into the links between clump formation and the evolution and growth of galaxies in a way that was not possible before.

The light from the furthest of the galaxies studied has taken 13 billion years to reach Earth, so we are seeing the galaxy as it was when the Universe itself was only 680 million years old.

But Webb has allowed astronomers to see even further into the past.

Late last year, it broke its own record, finding the oldest confirmed galaxy. It existed only 325 million years after the Big Bang.

“The images from the James Webb Space Telescope show that we can now detect very small structures inside very distant galaxies and that we can see these clumps in many of these galaxies. The telescope is a game-changer for the entire field of research and helps us understand how galaxies form and evolve,” says Assistant Professor Angela Adamo, also from Stockholm University.

The research is published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/webb-star-forming-clusters/

 

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NASA’s Webb Reveals Intricate Networks of Gas and Dust in Nearby Galaxies

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Researchers using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope are getting their first look at star formation, gas, and dust in nearby galaxies with unprecedented resolution at infrared wavelengths. The data has enabled an initial collection of 21 research papers which provide new insight into how some of the smallest-scale processes in our universe – the beginnings of star formation – impact the evolution of the largest objects in our cosmos: galaxies.

FULL REPORT

 

 

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Ancient galaxies, so massive that they break modern cosmology, observed with JWST

Unless they’re actually a new type of supermassive black hole.

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Researchers have caught a snapshot of massive, ancient galaxies which has confounded science. They are too big to make sense of our current understanding of the universe.

“We’ve never observed galaxies of this colossal size, this early on after the Big Bang,” says Associate Professor Ivo Labbé, a researcher at Swinburne University of Technology, and lead author on a paper describing the galaxies, published in Nature.

“The six galaxies we found are more than 12 billion years old, only 500 to 700 million years after the Big Bang, reaching sizes up to 100 billion times the mass of our sun. This is too big to even exist within current models.”

If their observations are confirmed, Labbé says that the discovery “could transform our understanding of how the earliest galaxies in our Universe formed”.

The researchers are currently doing follow-up measurements to verify their findings, and rule out other explanations for them.

“One alternative [explanation], equally fascinating, is that some of the objects belong to a new class of emerging supermassive black holes, never seen before,” says Labbé.

The research was done with some of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)’s first research images, taken in July last year shortly after the telescope began operating.

They were taken with JWST’s Near Infrared Camera, and cross-checked against Hubble Space Telescope imagery.

“We expected only to find tiny, young, baby galaxies at this point in time, but we’ve discovered galaxies as mature as our own in what was previously understood to be the dawn of the universe,” says co-author Assistant Professor Joel Leja, an astrophysicist at Penn State university, US.

“This is our first glimpse back this far, so it’s important that we keep an open mind about what we are seeing,” says Leja.

“While the data indicates they are likely galaxies, I think there is a real possibility that a few of these objects turn out to be obscured supermassive black holes.

“Regardless, the amount of mass we discovered means that the known mass in stars at this period of our universe is up to 100 times greater than we had previously thought. Even if we cut the sample in half, this is still an astounding change.”

The observations could be confirmed with the same JWST camera, taking deeper and more detailed pictures of the region.

“We’ve been informally calling these objects ‘universe breakers’ — and they have been living up to their name so far,” says Leja.

“This initial discovery may just be the start of a transformation in how we make sense of the world around us,” says Labbé.

https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/massive-young-galaxies/

 

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Apr 7, 2023

Webb Reveals Never-Before-Seen Details in Cassiopeia A

Editor's Note: The story below has been updated to clarify that the supernova was 340 years ago from Earth’s perspective.

Lee esta historia en español aquí.

The explosion of a star is a dramatic event, but the remains the star leaves behind can be even more dramatic. A new mid-infrared image from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope provides one stunning example. It shows the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A), created by a stellar explosion 340 years ago from Earth’s perspective. Cas A is the youngest known remnant from an exploding, massive star in our galaxy, which makes it a unique opportunity to learn more about how such supernovae occur.

“Cas A represents our best opportunity to look at the debris field of an exploded star and run a kind of stellar autopsy to understand what type of star was there beforehand and how that star exploded,” said Danny Milisavljevic of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, principal investigator of the Webb program that captured these observations.

“Compared to previous infrared images, we see incredible detail that we haven't been able to access before,” added Tea Temim of Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey, a co-investigator on the program.

Cassiopeia A is a prototypical supernova remnant that has been widely studied by a number of ground-based and space-based observatories, including NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory. The multi-wavelength observations can be combined to provide scientists with a more comprehensive understanding of the remnant.

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Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is a supernova remnant located about 11,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cassiopeia. It spans approximately 10 light-years. This new image uses data from Webb’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) to reveal Cas A in a new light.
Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, D. D. Milisavljevic (Purdue), T. Temim (Princeton), I. De Looze (Ghent University). Image Processing: J. DePasquale (STScI).
 
 

 

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NEWS | May 31, 2023

Discovery Alert: Webb Maps and Finds Traces of Water in an Ultra-hot Gas Giant's Atmosphere

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There’s an intriguing exoplanet out there – 400 light-years out there – that is so tantalizing that astronomers have been studying it since its discovery in 2009. A year for WASP-18 b, one orbit around its star (slightly larger than our Sun), takes just 23 hours. There’s nothing like it in our solar system. In addition to observatories on the ground, NASA’s Hubble, Chandra, TESS, and Spitzer space telescopes have all observed WASP-18 b, an ultra-hot gas giant 10 times more massive than Jupiter. Now astronomers have taken a look with NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope and the ‘‘firsts’’ keep coming.

The discovery: .............

 

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Webb Celebrates First Year of Science With Close-up on Birth of Sun-like Stars

Lee esta historia en español aquí.

From our cosmic backyard in the solar system to distant galaxies near the dawn of time, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has delivered on its promise of revealing the universe like never before in its first year of science operations. To celebrate the completion of a successful first year, NASA has released Webb’s image of a small star-forming region in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex.....

 

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Webb Snaps Highly Detailed Infrared Image of Actively Forming Stars

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Young stars are rambunctious!

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has captured the “antics” of a pair of actively forming young stars, known as Herbig-Haro 46/47, in high-resolution near-infrared light. To find them, trace the bright pink and red diffraction spikes until you hit the center: The stars are within the orange-white splotch. They are buried deeply in a disk of gas and dust that feeds their growth as they continue to gain mass. The disk is not visible, but its shadow can be seen in the two dark, conical regions surrounding the central stars.......

 

 

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James Webb telescope makes 'JuMBO' discovery of planet-like objects in Orion

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Jupiter-sized "planets" free-floating in space, unconnected to any star, have been spotted by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).

What's intriguing about the discovery is that these objects appear to be moving in pairs. Astronomers are currently struggling to explain them.........

 

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James Webb telescope: Baby star launches giant jets and shocks Published 8 hours ago

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Imagine you could go back in time 4.6 billion years and take a picture of our Sun just as it was being born. What would it look like?

Well, you can get a clue from this glorious new image acquired by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).....

 

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NASA’s Webb, Hubble Combine to Create Most Colorful View of Universe

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope have united to study an expansive galaxy cluster known as MACS0416. The resulting panchromatic image combines visible and infrared light to assemble one of the most comprehensive views of the universe ever taken. Located about 4.3 billion light-years from Earth, MACS0416 is a pair of colliding galaxy clusters that will eventually combine to form an even bigger cluster.

Image: Galaxy Cluster MACS0416

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The oldest black hole ever seen

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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed the oldest black hole ever observed. And it appears to be ‘eating’ its host galaxy.

Our best estimates place the universe at about 13.8 billion years old. This black hole dates to a period only about 400 million years after the birth of the cosmos in the Big Bang.

 

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First stars in the universe found by JWST

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NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has yet again peered into the early universe giving scientists new insights into how the first stars formed galaxies.

Our universe is about 13.8 billion years old. The JWST has wowed astronomers by revealing ancient galaxies that challenge our understanding of how they form. Within the first 6 months of its scientific operations in 2022, JWST broke Hubble’s record for the furthest confirmed galaxy.

 

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NASA’s Webb Probes an Extreme Starburst Galaxy

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 Amid a site teeming with new and young stars lies an intricate substructure.

 

A team of astronomers has used NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope to survey the starburst galaxy Messier 82 (M82). Located 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major, this galaxy is relatively compact in size but hosts a frenzy of star formation activity. For comparison, M82 is sprouting new stars 10 times faster than the Milky Way galaxy.

Led by Alberto Bolatto at the University of Maryland, College Park, the team directed Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) instrument toward the starburst galaxy’s center, attaining a closer look at the physical conditions that foster the formation of new stars.

“M82 has garnered a variety of observations over the years because it can be considered as the prototypical starburst galaxy,” said Bolatto, lead author of the study. “Both NASA’s Spitzer and Hubble space telescopes have observed this target. With Webb’s size and resolution, we can look at this star-forming galaxy and see all of this beautiful, new detail.”

 

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James Webb Space Telescope sees black holes stop star formation
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 A new study using observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) suggests that supermassive black holes are rapidly shutting off star formation in massive galaxies.

The black holes do this by explosively removing large amounts of gas that would otherwise be used in the accretion of matter to form new stars. The research is published in Nature.

 

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Massive cold exoplanet spotted close by with JWST

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Astronomers  using the James Webb Space Telescope have discovered a huge exoplanet less than 12 light-years from Earth.

The planet, a gas giant 6 times the size of Jupiter, is the coldest and oldest exoplanet ever directly imaged (that is, not found through indirect means like observing a star).

The international team has published its discovery in Nature.

 

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