Designed by a team of four, A. Smith, J. Sanchez, Z. Patel, K.Nakamura, in the Silicon Valley area of California, USA under the supervision of Apple Inc, assembled in China by Cao Mengde with materials sourced from the manufacturing facility of IP Freely Steel and Manufacturing in Alberta, Canada whose raw resources are mined out of Alberta, Canada, Western Australia, Australia by the mining company Santos, headquartered in London, UK, and Melbourne, Australia.